Oral health-related quality-of-life scores differ by socioeconomic status, mother's level of education, dental visits and severity of malocclusion in mixed dentition of eight-to-ten-year-old schoolchildren.

OBJECTIVE: To determinate the association among socioeconomic status subject's mother's level of educational attainment, dental visits, and malocclusion in mixed dentition with on the OHRQoL of eight-to-ten-year-old children. METHODS: A cross-sectional study conducted, in 2019, on Mexican children from households of different socioeconomic status (SES). The prevalence of malocclusion was evaluated using the Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI), while the SES of the participants' households was evaluated using the three categories (corresponding to a high, middle, or low-income household) stipulated by the Consejo Nacional de Población (CONAPO or National Population Council). Oral Health-related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) was evaluated using the Child Perceptions Questionnaire (CPQ8-10). Poisson regression models were performed for the analysis of the data obtained. RESULTS: A total of 79.4% of the subjects presented some type of malocclusion in mixed dentition, which was, by severity, as follows: definite (31.3%); severe (25.6%); and, very severe (22.5%). The Poisson regression model revealed a greater negative impact on the following four CPQ8-10domains for children with severe/very severe malocclusion [RR]: oral symptoms [2.78]; functional limitations [2.72]; emotional well-being [2.59]; and, social well-being [3.99]. A greater impact on the four CPQ8-10domains was found for children from a low-income household than for children from a high-income (p < 0.001) household. Furthermore, poor oral hygiene, lack of dental visits, and the mother's level of educational attainment (<9 years) were found to have a negative impact on OHRQoL. CONCLUSION: The findings of the present study demonstrated that the severity of malocclusion was associated with a greater negative impact on the OHRQoL of children, while those children who face greater health inequalities are likely to report a greater negative impact on their OHRQoL.

Electromyographic Changes in the Masseter and Temporalis Muscles Before and After Orthognathic Surgery in Patients With Mandibular Prognathism.

OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the electromyographic changes in the Masseter (MM) and Temporalis (TM) muscles during voluntary clenching of the teeth both before and after orthognathic surgery in patients aged 18 years and older and diagnosed with mandibular prognathism. METHODS: Eleven patients with prognathism were included in the study, in all of whom the initial phase of orthodontic treatment had been completed. The orthognathic procedure to reduce prognathism comprised intraoral oblique sliding (or subsigmoid) osteotomy, after which intermaxillary fixation with ligaments in the maxilla and mandible was undertaken in all patients for 6 weeks post-surgery. Electromyographic activity was recorded during the baseline maximum voluntary contraction of the teeth, with the same measurement taken 3 and then 6 months after orthognathic surgery. RESULTS: Significant differences were found in the mean amplitude (17.0 vs 14.7, P = 0.020) and peak-to-peak amplitude (left [761.6 vs 457.0, P = 0.003] and right [676.9 vs 357.4, P = 0.007]) for the MM between the baseline score and 6 months after surgery. Likewise, significant differences were found in the mean amplitude (18.2 vs 25.6, P = 0.009) and peak-to-peak amplitude (left [856.4 vs 1594.2, P = 0.004] and right [804.4 vs 1813.4, P = 0.004]) for the TM between the baseline score and that taken 6 months post-surgery. Only 18.2% (2/11) presented orthodontic appliances problem in the 3 months post-surgery. CONCLUSION: Electromyographic activity was restored 6 months after the orthognathic surgery. From a clinical perspective, the results obtained confirm that orthognathic surgery has not only an esthetic but also a functional objective in terms of achieving equilibrium and occlusal harmony.

Lipoma en región maxilofacial en pacientes pediátricos. Presentación de un caso / Lipoma of the maxillofacial region in pediatric patients. A case study

RESUMEN Se denominan lipomas aquellas lesiones benignas, perte necientes al grupo de neoplasias mesenquimatosas compuestas por tejido adiposo con o sin cápsula fibrosa u otros elementos histológicos que determinarán sus características físicas. Dentro de las neoplasias benignas se presentan del 13-20% en cabeza y cuello, reportándose 0.5-5% en cavidad bucal, por lo que se considera poco común en la región maxilofacial, siendo más frecuente después de la quinta década de vida, es raro que se presente en pacientes jóvenes o niños. Es por ello que presentamos el reporte de un caso de lipoma en paciente pediátrico, el cual tratamos en el Servicio de Cirugía Maxilofacial Pediátrica del Hospital de Pediatría «Dr. Silvestre Frenk Freud¼, Centro Médico Siglo XXI.

ABSTRACT Lipomas are benign lesions that belong to the group of mesenchymal neoplasms. Lipomas are composed of fat tissue with or without fibrous capsule or other histological elements that determine the physical characteristics of the lipoma. Within the group of benign neoplasms 13 to 20% occur in the head and neck, and 0.5 to 5% in the oral cavity. The appearance of these neoplasms in the maxillofacial region is uncommon, and seldom occurs in children or young patients, being more frequent over 50 years of age. In this report we present a case of lipoma in a pediatric patient that was treated in the Service of Pediatric Maxillofacial Surgery at the «Dr. Silvestre Frenk Freund¼ Hospital, in the IMSS XXI Century National Medical Center.

Prevalencia de disfunción de la articulación temporomandibular en médicos residentes del Hospital de Especialidades Centro Médico Nacional «La Raza¼ / Temporomandibular joint disorder prevalence in resident physicians at the Specialties Hospital «La Raza¼ National Medical Center

Objetivos Determinar la prevalencia de disfunción de la articulación temporomandibular en médicos residentes del Hospital de Especialidades. Material y métodos Estudio observacional, prospectivo, transversal. Se evaluaron a 50 residentes de un total de 324 incluyendo especialidades no quirúrgicas y quirúrgicas, de los diferentes años de residencia. Fueron excluidos los residentes que se encontraran en tratamiento de ortodoncia o hubieran estado sometidos previamente. Se aplicó el índice de Helkimo con fines diagnósticos para disfunción temporomandibular, posteriormente se realizó una exploración física de la articulación temporomandibular y de los músculos de la masticación. Resultados Para la evaluación de resultados se utilizó estadística descriptiva y chi-cuadrada (χ2). Utilizando el paquete estadístico SPSS 12. La prevalencia de disfunción temporomandibular en residentes fue del 66% de la población estudiada. Tuvimos un resultado significativo en cuanto al género siendo mayor en mujeres con una p ≤ .013. En los primeros años de residencia se observó mayor incidencia, así como en las especialidades no quirúrgicas, que en las quirúrgicas. Conclusiones La prevalencia de la disfunción temporomandibular en residentes es igual a la reportada a nivel mundial en población general. Al igual, encontramos mayor prevalencia en mujeres. Sería importante realizar otro estudio para medir estrés en médicos residentes y la relación con disfunción temporomandibular.

Aim To determine prevalence of temporomandibular joint disorder in resident physicians at the Specialty Hospital. Material and methods Cross sectioned prospective, observational study. Out of a total of 324, 50 residents were assessed, including non surgical and surgical specialties of different residency years. Residents under orthodontic treatment or having been subjected to previous orthodontic treatment were excluded. Helkimo index was applied for temporomandibular joint diagnostic purposes A physical exploration of the temporomandibular joint and masticatory muscles was later conducted. Results For result evaluation, descriptive statistics and chi-square (χ2) test were used. Statistical package SPSS 12 was used. Prevalence of temporomandibular disorder in residents was 66% of studied population. Significant result was obtained with respect to gender; it being higher in females with p ≤ .013. Greater incidence was observed in the first residency years, as well as in non surgical specialties when compared to surgical ones. Conclusions Prevalence of residents' temporomandibular disorder was similar to that reported worldwide in general population. The present study equally found greater prevalence in females. It would be significant to conduct another study to measure stress in resident physicians and relationship of stress with temporomandibular disorders.